A few weeks ago, temperatures in Spain broke historical records. During the summer of 2025, the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) reported that temperatures were on average 2.1°C above the average for the period 1991-2020. Southern cities suffered heat waves exceeding 45°C , something almost unthinkable a few decades ago.

The extreme heat, almost unbearable in many regions, has had real consequences: epidemics of forest fires, respiratory health problems, and disruptions to the energy supply. In Galicia, for example, there were days when more than 50% of the resources available for fighting fires were already committed, leaving entire communities in limbo.

For women, prolonged exposure to heat has additional impacts. Studies show they suffer more from heat exhaustion, especially those with domestic responsibilities, childcare, or eldercare, as they must move around more frequently, often without adequate rest. Furthermore, skin conditions worsen, and menstrual health can be affected when there is no easy access to cool water or shade.

Adaptation strategies appear to be urgent: reorganizing work schedules, strengthening health infrastructure for heat strokes, promoting public policies that provide cool shelters, and educating the population to recognize signs of dehydration.

This Spanish summer is not just an isolated extreme event, but a preview of what could become the norm if decisive action isn't taken. Experts warn that these phenomena will become more frequent without genuine commitments to reducing emissions and adapting to climate change.