Plastic pollution has become one of the greatest environmental threats of the 21st century. However, a new study has revealed an even more alarming impact of this waste on nature: microplastics are interfering with plant photosynthesis , which could trigger an unprecedented food crisis.

Microplastics are tiny plastic particles, less than 5 millimeters in diameter, found in the air, soil, water, and even the food we eat. These particles not only pose a risk to human health but also impair plants' ability to absorb sunlight and essential nutrients from the soil.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy, releasing oxygen into the environment and producing the nutrients necessary for their growth. However, the study revealed that the accumulation of microplastics in the soil and on leaves is disrupting this vital process.

Researchers discovered that microplastics can adhere to plant roots and stems , creating a physical barrier that hinders the absorption of water and essential minerals. Furthermore, certain chemicals present in this residue can be absorbed by the plant, affecting its metabolism and reducing its growth capacity.

If this trend continues, it is estimated that agricultural production will decline significantly over the next 20 years, jeopardizing the food security of 400 million people worldwide. This is because essential crops such as rice, wheat, and maize could be severely affected, reducing yields and increasing food prices.

Furthermore, a reduction in photosynthesis would affect the global ecological balance, as plants play a fundamental role in absorbing carbon dioxide (CO₂) and producing oxygen. A decline in photosynthesis would accelerate the effects of climate change and lead to an increase in air pollution.

Experts stress the urgent need to reduce plastic use and improve recycling strategies globally. Some key actions include:

• Opt for reusable and biodegradable products to reduce the generation of single-use plastics.
• Improve water filtration systems to prevent microplastics from reaching rivers and oceans.
• Promote research into alternative materials that do not pollute the environment.
• Raising awareness among the population about the impact of plastics and promoting responsible consumption habits.

If immediate action isn't taken, this environmental crisis could have irreversible effects on food production, the climate, and the health of ecosystems. The solution is in our hands: reduce our use of plastics and choose a more sustainable lifestyle.